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What does the universe consist of?

Thanks to powerful telescopes, scientists today acquire information about stars, galaxies and planets which are distant from Earth by billions of light years. Despite that fact, modern science still does not have the answer to the question what the universe consists of.

The scientists have, however, calculated that stars, planets and galaxies, in other words the visible matter, make up only five percent of the mass of the universe and have established a hypothesis about a dark matter of an exotic form, which makes up the remaining 95 percent. It has been named the dark matter because it does not emit electromagnetic radiation, so we can not see it.

In recent years scientists have gone a step further by introducing the term dark energy. Contemporary findings say that the dark matter makes up 23 percent of the mass of the universe, and dark energy around 72 percent. On what exactly the dark matter consists of there are several hypothesis, and there are several experiments in progress whose aim is to identify this exotic state of the matter. The problem of dark energy seems even more complex, and scientists are at the moment preoccupied with the questions about its origin and with the question if its quantity is constant or variable.